3-1 Accounting definition
1-What is accounting?
In a simplified way, accounting is the language of business, unless you can understand accounting, you will not understand business. but it’s a very special and living language with it own symbols that allow describing any business activity
تعريف المحاسبة
بشكل مبسط المحاسبه هي لغة التجاره وبدون فهم المحاسبه لايمكن فهم التجارة و ولكنها لغة خاصة و حياتيه برموزها الخاصة بها التي تسمح بتوضيح أي نشاط تجاري
Types and standards of internal audit
The internal audit can be divided into two parts, an administrative review and a financial review, as follows:
Administrative review:It is the audit that includes examining the control procedures related to aspects of activities other than the financial or accounting aspect, and therefore it requires knowledge of the policies and procedures applied in the facility.
Financial review:It means reviewing the financial and accounting processes and documents, and the procedures used in managing this aspect, based on the following techniques:
A / Internal audit methodology: It shows how the internal auditor performs his mission, and this is done through the following steps.
1/ The first planning for the internal audit process: where the auditor looks at the work of the facility and gets acquainted with it closely, in order to form the permanent file of the facility, through three stages
Preliminary study to obtain the basic data of the facility.
Preparing the audit program (defining the objectives and required scope of work).Distribution of competencies.2/ Conducting the audit: It means the actual practice of auditing by the auditor after verifying the correctness of the processes, analysis, commitment and evaluation. These elements must be integrated with each other to achieve the objectives of the internal audit, as it is the last link in the internal control system.
The internal audit can be divided into two parts, an administrative review and a financial review, as follows:
Administrative review:
It is the audit that includes examining the control procedures related to aspects of activities other than the financial or accounting aspect, and therefore it requires knowledge of the policies and procedures applied in the facility.
Financial review:
It means reviewing the financial and accounting processes and documents, and the procedures used in managing this aspect, based on the following techniques:
A / Internal audit methodology: It shows how the internal auditor performs his mission, and this is done through the following steps.
1/ The first planning for the internal audit process: where the auditor looks at the work of the facility and gets acquainted with it closely, in order to form the permanent file of the facility, through three stages
Preliminary study to obtain the basic data of the facility.
Preparing the audit program (defining the objectives and required scope of work).
Distribution of competencies.
2/ Conducting the audit: It means the actual practice of auditing by the auditor after verifying the correctness of the processes, analysis, commitment and evaluation. These elements must be integrated with each other to achieve the objectives of the internal audit, as it is the last link in the internal control system.
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